AS400 Interview Questions (DB2) - Part 1

DB2 AS400 Interview questions and Answers

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AS400 Interview Questions (DB2)  - part 1

Q1: Brief about triggers? What is the purpose of using triggers? Where we use the concept of the trigger in real-time.

Answer:

Triggers in IBM i (AS400):

  • Set of Actions/programs.
  • Execute automatically.
  • Change operation in Table/View/LF/View over view.
Change operation in DB2 Database:
  • SQL INSERT
  • SQL UPDATE
  • SQL DELETE
Types of Triggers in IBM i (AS400):
  • SQL Triggers
  • External Triggers
SQL Triggers:
  • CREATE TRIGGER statement is used to create SQL trigger in DB2 AS400.
  • INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE triggers.
  • Can be defined on VIEW.
External Triggers:
  • ADDPFTRG cl command is used to create an External trigger in DB2 AS400.
  • INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, READ triggers.
  • Can be defined for TABLE only.
Note:
  • Up to 300 triggers can be defined for a single table or view.
  • SQL and External triggers can be applied to the same table.
  • More than one trigger event can be specified in a single trigger program.
  • We can add READ trigger only in case of an External trigger.
Types of Triggers on a Table:
  • Before Delete Trigger
  • Before Insert Trigger
  • Before Update Trigger
  • After Delete Trigger
  • After Insert Trigger
  • After Update Trigger
  • Read Only Trigger (External Trigger)
Why we use Triggers:
  • Maintain Referential Integrity
  • Log Historical Data
Real time use of Triggers:
  • Validate Input Data.
  • Enforce business rules in an application.
  • Generate a unique Id for the newly inserted row.
  • Write to other files in an application for Auditing purposes.
  • Maintain data consistency etc.

Q2: What is the purpose of Journaling and why do we use Journaling in DB2 AS400 (IBM i)?

Answer:

  • Record Database changes are Journaling.
  • Journal and Journal Receiver objects.
  • Journal records and writes journal entries in Journal receiver.
  • Journal and Journal receiver objects are used to perform COMMIT and ROLLBACK.
  • Support FORWARD and BACKWARD recovery.
  • SQL SCHEMA created using CREATE SCHEMA (library), this will create a Journal and Journal Receiver in the Schema.
  • Table created inside Schema automatically journaled to the Journal QSQJRN present inside the schema.
  • Users can stop Journaling, but this will stop the process to run under the COMMIT CONTROL option.
  • CRTJRNRCV (Create Journal Receiver object).
  • CRTJRN (Create Journal object).
  • STRJRNPF (Start Journaling a file).

Q3: Why do we create Join Logical files in real-time in DB2 AS400(IBM i) ?

Answer:

  • PF1 + PF2 = JLF
  • We can create a JLF over more than one PF and save the read operations. Only one read operation is required to read multiple files.
Restrictions in JLF:
  • Cannot change PF using JLF.
  • Cannot use DFU to display JLF.
  • Can specify 1 record format in JLF.
  • Commitment control cannot be used on JLF.

Q4: Why do we have a field reference file in our AS400 application?

Answer:

  • PF with no data, only field descriptions.
  • Also known as Data Dictionary.
  • All definitions are present in one place.
  • The definition needs to be defined once.
  • Definitions need to be changed only in one place.
Referring to Data Dictionary:
  • Device DSPF, printer PRTF, and Database file(PF) except LF can refer to Data Dictionary.
  • REFFLD keyword is used.

Q5: Why do we get level check error(CPF4131) in real-time applications? Explain a few scenarios?

Answer:

  • The program attempts to access files whose record format level is different from the record format level when the program was compiled.
Solution to level check error(CPF4131):
  • Set LVLCHK option(*NO) when creating a file or writing an Override statement. (Not a good approach)
  • Recompile the program (preferred approach)
    • Run cl command DSPPGMREF from the command line on the program facing level check error.
    • Check files record format id within the program.
    • Match with Actual file record format.
    • Unmatched   --> RECOMPILE PGM.

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